一、汽車常見故障與維修指南？

1、 Common faults and maintenance guidelines for automobiles?

汽車在日常使用中，常會出現各種故障。

Cars often encounter various malfunctions in daily use.

這些故障有些是小問題，有些則較為嚴重。

Some of these faults are minor issues, while others are more serious.

下面將介紹一些常見的汽車故障。

Below will introduce some common car malfunctions.

電池故障：汽車電池是提供電力給整車系統的關鍵部件。

Battery failure: The car battery is a key component that provides electricity to the entire vehicle system.

如果電池老化、漏液或接觸不良，就可能導致車輛無法啟動或無法充電。

If the battery ages, leaks or has poor contact, it may cause the vehicle to fail to start or charge.

這時候，需要檢查電池的電壓和充電器的工作情況。

At this point, it is necessary to check the voltage of the battery and the working condition of the charger.

發動機故障：發動機是汽車的心臟，常見的故障包括點火系統故障、燃油供應問題和氣缸失壓等。

Engine failure: The engine is the heart of a car, and common failures include ignition system failure, fuel supply issues, and cylinder loss of pressure.

發動機故障可能導致車輛動力不足、抖動或無法啟動。

Engine failure may result in insufficient power, shaking, or inability to start the vehicle.

修復發動機故障需要技術和工具。

Repairing engine malfunctions requires professional skills and tools.

剎車故障：剎車是保證行車的重要系統，故障可能導致制動不靈、抖動或制動不均。

Brake failure: The brake is an important system to ensure driving safety, and a failure may cause ineffective braking, shaking, or uneven braking.

剎車故障的原因包括剎車片磨損、制動液泄漏或制動系統氣泡等。

The causes of brake failures include brake pad wear, brake fluid leakage, or brake system bubbles.

發現剎車故障時，應及時檢修或更換剎車零件。

When a brake malfunction is found, it should be promptly repaired or replaced with brake parts.

輪胎故障：輪胎是汽車與地面接觸的部件，常見故障包括胎壓過低、胎紋磨損不均和爆胎等。

Tire malfunction: Tires are components of a car that come into contact with the ground. Common malfunctions include low tire pressure, uneven tread wear, and tire blowouts.

輪胎故障會降低車輛操控性能，增加剎車距離和打滑風險。

Tire failure can reduce vehicle handling performance, increase braking distance, and increase the risk of slipping.

定期檢查輪胎磨損情況和胎壓，及時更換磨損嚴重的輪胎。

Regularly check tire wear and pressure, and replace severely worn tires in a timely manner.

底盤故障：底盤包括懸掛系統、轉向系統和傳動系統等部件，常見故障有懸掛部件磨損、助力轉向異常和變速器故障等。

Chassis failure: The chassis includes components such as suspension system, steering system, and transmission system. Common failures include worn suspension components, abnormal power steering, and transmission failure.

底盤故障會影響行車舒適性和操控性能，需要及時檢修或更換故障部件。

Chassis malfunctions can affect driving comfort and handling performance, requiring timely maintenance or replacement of faulty components.

點火系統故障：點火系統包括火花塞和高壓線圈等部件，故障可能導致發動機啟動困難或運轉不穩定。

Ignition system malfunction: The ignition system includes components such as spark plugs and high-voltage coils, which may cause difficulty starting or unstable operation of the engine.

點火系統故障的原因有火花塞磨損、火花塞線圈老化或電源線脫落等。

The causes of ignition system failures include wear of spark plugs, aging of spark plug coils, or detachment of power lines.

檢修或更換點火系統部件可以解決問題。

Repairing or replacing ignition system components can solve the problem.

空調系統故障：空調是車輛的舒適性配置，常見故障有制冷效果差、異味和漏水等。

Air conditioning system malfunction: Air conditioning is a comfort configuration for vehicles, and common faults include poor cooling effect, odor, and water leakage.

空調系統故障的原因有制冷劑泄漏、空調濾清器堵塞或壓縮機故障等。

The causes of air conditioning system malfunctions include refrigerant leakage, clogged air conditioning filters, or compressor failure.